When a person becomes unemployed, the first thing they need to know is if they meet the conditions and requirements to be able to collect the unemployment benefit. To begin with, the cause for which you lost your job must be recognized in the list of assumptions that the INEM draws up. Among them are the dismissal, the termination of a temporary contract, the application of an employment regulation file, as well as being in a period of inactivity if you are a permanent discontinuous worker. In addition, the voluntary dismissal of the worker for not accepting the transfer of his job to another location is recognized as a cause to be able to receive unemployment, if this entails a change of address or some change in his working hours or in his work shifts. The amount of this economic benefit will depend on what the company has contributed to Social Security for the worker.
The amount of unemployment is calculated from the regulatory base, which is obtained by dividing by 180 the amount of money that the company has contributed to Social Security for the worker in the last 180 calendar days before the dismissal or termination, including the period on vacation if applicable.
To know this figure, the worker must review your last six pays lips and look for their value in the common contingencies base section. For example, a person who was fired on September 1, 2008 should go back to March 1 of this year and start calculating the common contingencies that his company paid for her to Social Security. Once the bases have been identified, they must all be added and divided by 180 to obtain the daily regulatory base of the subject’s unemployment benefit. Two types of deductions must be applied to this amount: contributions to Social Security, and withholdings on account of personal income tax.
How long do you receive benefit?
The period of time in which the unemployed person has the right to receive unemployment is calculated based on the contributions made in the last six years, and provided that they have not been taken into account for previous benefits, since if it is enjoyed on one occasion of unemployment, the contribution is not saved but is lost for future requests. Thus, the longer the worker has contributed, the more months of unemployment he will accumulate. Now, as with everything, there are limits. And in this case, it is set at 2,160 days, some 6 years of contributions give the right to almost two years of unemployment benefit; specifically, 720 days.
Process step by step
The most important thing and the first thing to do is decide and know what can be done. If you choose to apply for the unemployment benefit, since the worker has contributed for at least 360 days in the last six years, the application must be submitted to the Employment Office that corresponds to the place of residence of the worker.
The applicant must do so within 15 business days following the last day worked, Sundays and holidays are not counted. It is very common that the unemployed have not been able to enjoy the vacation days that corresponded to them before the termination, for which the company must pay them. Therefore, the application must be submitted within 15 days of the end of the vacation.
To avoid going back and forth to the office, it is advisable to know what documentation must accompany the application:
1. Company certificates in which you have worked in the last six months.
2. Letter of dismissal if this occurred.
3. If the unemployed person had worked part-time in one of the companies during that period, it is advisable to provide the labor contracts in which the working hours must appear, to be taken into account when calculating the contribution period.
4. National Identity Document.
5. A bank account number in which the applicant appears as the owner.
Once the INEM recognizes the benefit, it sends a letter to the applicant’s address specifying the amount to be received and the corresponding period of time.
